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The Water Cycle 02
The vast majority of the earth's precipitation falls into the sea.

The Water Cycle 02

Try our second KS3 Geography quiz on the water cycle. The water cycle is powered by the Sun. The Sun's heat causes water to evaporate from seas, rivers, lakes and the soil. The water vapour goes into the air. Plants also put water vapour into the air by the process of transpiration. Warm air can hold more moisture than cold air so if warm air cools down, clouds will form as the water vapour condenses to form tiny droplets. The more moisture there is in the air, the thicker the clouds. If there is a lot of moisture in the air, the small droplets will merge together and fall as precipitation. The type of precipitation depends on the temperature of the air in the cloud.

About seventy percent of the Earth's surface is covered by water. It is therefore not surprising to find that about eighty percent of the total annual precipitation falls on the seas and oceans. The water cycle is an important part of climate and weather and is also involved in reshaping the geological and other physical features of the Earth, through the processes of erosion and sedimentation.

1.
What process causes clouds to form?
Accumulation
Compensation
Condensation
Stratification
Condensation is the term that is used to describe a change of state from vapour to liquid
2.
When vegetation stops rain reaching the ground it is called what?
Interception
Interface
Interflow
Interlocution
The water can then evaporate from the leaves and go back into the atmosphere. This is one reason that rainforests have a high humidity
3.
A wind picks up most moisture when it blows over what?
A large city
A small lake
Mountains
The sea
There is a large surface area from which water is constantly evaporating
4.
A hot summer day may lead to what type of rain?
Convection
Depression
Frontal
Relief
The hot air rises as a convection current. As it does, it cools. The water vapour it contains condenses and can fall as rain
5.
Which of these would not interrupt the water cycle?
Boreholes
Dams
Desalination plants
Forests
Water is pumped up through boreholes and desalination plants remove salt from seawater
6.
Surface water heated by the sun leads to what?
A rainbow
A spring
Evaporation
Runoff
Liquids including water evaporate faster when they are warmer
7.
What reduces the amount of surface water runoff?
Gentle slopes
Impermeable rocks
Little vegetation cover
Steep slopes
The gentler the slope the longer the water has to soak in rather than move over the surface
8.
What cannot be described as precipitation?
A tornado
Dew
Sleet
Snow
A tornado is a rapidly moving spiral of air
9.
What change takes place during condensation?
Gas to liquid
Gas to solid
Liquid to gas
Solid to liquid
Water vapour (gas) changes to water droplets
10.
80% of the earth's precipitation falls directly where?
Into drains and sewers
Into lakes
Into the sea
Onto our gardens
That is where most of the water vapour in the atmosphere comes from in the first place
You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - The water cycle and river terminology

Author:  Jan Crompton

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